Which data collection method is foundational for supporting changes in educational programs?

The foundational data collection method for supporting changes in educational programs is formative assessments. These assessments are designed to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. They help identify student strengths and weaknesses, allowing educators to make informed decisions about curriculum adjustments and instructional strategies.

By using formative assessments, educators can continually evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs and make necessary modifications in real-time, rather than waiting for end-of-term evaluations. This proactive approach ensures that educational practices are responsive to student needs and learning outcomes. Formative assessments can encompass a variety of tools and methods, including quizzes, observations, and informal assessments, which all contribute to an understanding of how students are progressing and which areas require attention.

This method contrasts with other data collection approaches, such as standardized testing, which mainly provides a snapshot of student performance at a single point in time and often lacks the immediate applicability to program improvement. Qualitative interviews provide valuable insights but may not be as systematic in assessing educational programs. Analyzing behavioral data focuses on specific behaviors rather than overall learning outcomes and program effectiveness. Therefore, formative assessments serve as a dynamic tool for educators, supporting ongoing enhancements in instructional practice and curriculum design.